Oil-immersed transformer is an indispensable and important equipment in the power system, and its composition is complex and precise. The components of an oil-immersed transformer and its functions are as follows:

1. Iron core

The iron core is the core part of the oil-immersed transformer and the main carrier of its magnetic circuit. The core is usually stacked with sheets of silicon steel with high magnetic permeability to reduce eddy current and hysteresis losses. The shape and structure of the core directly affect the performance and efficiency of the transformer. During the manufacturing process of the iron core, it needs to be strictly insulated to prevent short circuits and failures during operation.

Second, winding

The winding is the circuit part of the oil-immersed transformer, which is wound by insulating copper wire or aluminum wire according to a certain number of turns and arrangement. The main function of the winding is to transmit electrical energy and generate an induced electromotive force under the action of a magnetic field. The design of the windings needs to take into account factors such as current density, electromagnetic field distribution, and heat dissipation to ensure that they have sufficient electrical performance and mechanical strength during operation.

3. Fuel tanks and oil storage tanks

The oil tank is the shell of an oil-immersed transformer, which is used to hold the transformer oil and components such as cores and windings. The fuel tank is usually welded with steel plates, which has good sealing and mechanical strength. The oil conservator is located above the oil tank to compensate for the volume change of the transformer oil due to temperature changes and to keep the oil level inside the transformer stable. The oil conservator is also equipped with an oil level indicator to monitor the oil level change of the transformer.

Fourth, the cooling system

The cooling system is an important part of the oil-immersed transformer and is used to reduce the heat generated by the transformer during operation. The cooling system usually uses oil-immersed self-cooling, oil-immersed air cooling, or forced oil circulation to dissipate heat. For large transformers, radiators, fans, and other equipment will also be equipped to improve the cooling effect.

5. Insulation system

The insulation system is the safety guarantee of oil-immersed transformers to prevent electrical faults and short circuits. The insulation system mainly includes insulating cardboard, insulating sleeve, insulating oil and other components. Insulating cardboard is used to isolate the core and windings to prevent electrical breakdown; The insulating sleeve is used to draw out the high and low voltage windings of the transformer and maintain its good insulation performance; The insulating oil is filled in the oil tank, which not only acts as an insulating agent, but also carries away the heat generated by the transformer through the circulating flow.

6. Tap-changers and no-load tap-changers

A tap-changer is an important component of an oil-immersed transformer and is used to change the output voltage of the transformer. The tap-changer is usually located on the fuel tank cover of the transformer, and the voltage is regulated by switching different taps to change the number of turns of the winding. The no-load tap-changer is a special tap-changer that switches when the transformer is powered off to ensure the safety and accuracy of the operation.

7. Gas relay and temperature measuring device

Gas relays are protective devices for oil-immersed transformers and are used to detect faulty gases inside the transformer. When a fault occurs inside the transformer, the faulty gas causes the gas relay to act, cutting off the power supply and protecting the transformer from further damage. Temperature measuring devices are used to monitor the oil temperature changes of the transformer to ensure that it is within the normal operating range. Thermometers are usually monitored using equipment such as mercury thermometers or pressure thermometers.

To sum up, the components of oil-immersed transformers are numerous and complex, and each part undertakes important functions and functions. Understanding the composition and function of an oil-immersed transformer can help you better understand and maintain the proper functioning of your power system. At the same time, with the continuous progress of technology and the continuous improvement of application requirements, the design and manufacture of oil-immersed transformers will also be continuously optimized and innovated.